BioTechnology & BioInformatics

 

Biotechnology, rhythm of science, beat of world, extends its hands to various fields like pharmaceuticals, agriculture, health care and food industries. Biotechnology combines disciplines like genetics, molecular biology, Biochemistry, Embryology and Cell biology, which are in turn linked to practical disciplines like chemical engineering, information technology and robotics. Biotechnology in common usage, modifies plants or animals by breeding, which has been practiced for thousands of years. This distinction emphasizes that modern recombinant DNA based biotechnology is not just a powerful version of existing technology, but represents something new and different. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, and clean up site contaminated by industrial activities.

Bioinformatics is as interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational biology involve the use of techniques including applied Mathematics, Informatics, Statistics, Computer Science, Artificial intelligence, Chemistry and Biochemistry to solve biological problems usually on the molecular level. Major efforts in the field include sequence alignment, gene finding, genome assembly, protein structure alignment, protein structure prediction, prediction of gene expression and protein-protein interactions and the modeling of evolution. A common thread in projects in bioinformatics and computational biology is the use of mathematical tools to extract useful information from data produced by high- throughput biological techniques such as genome-sequencing. A representative problem in bioinformatics is the assembly of high-quality genome sequences from fragmentary shotgun DNA sequencing. Other common problems include the study of gene regulation using data from micro arrays or mass spectroscopy.

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